5.5The Karnaugh Map Method
5.63-Variable Karnaugh Maps
5.74-Variable Karnaugh Maps
Chapter 6: State Combination Circuits Design
6.1State Combination Type Versus Sequential Control
6.2State Combination Circuits
6.3Multiple-Input Single-Output (MISO) Circuits
6.4Adding a Memory Element
6.5Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) Circuits
Chapter 7: Logic Circuit Design Using State Diagram Method
7.1What Is a State Diagram?
7.2Procedure for Developing State Diagrams
7.3Momentary Action Versus Maintained Action
7.4Design Examples
7.5Multiple Outputs
7.6Initial Conditions
7.7Outputs with More Than Two Possible States
7.8Timers and Counters
Chapter 8: PLC Memory and File Structure
8.1Memory
8.2Memory Capacity
8.3Memory Structure
8.4Memory Structure for Allen-Bradley SLC 500
Chapter 9: Discrete Input and Output Modules
9.1Input and Output Systems
9.2Memory Mapping
9.3Input Interface Modules
9.4Input Field Devices
9.5Output Interface Modules
Chapter 10: Analog Input and Output Modules
10.1Analog Input Signals
10.2Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC)
10.3Analog-to-Digital Conversion Methods
10.4Digital-to-Analog Conversion Methods
10.5Analog Input Modules
10.6Analog Output Modules
10.7Scaling Analog Input Data
10.8Scaling Analog Output Data
Chapter 11: Basic Relay-Type Instructions
11.1Ladder Languages
11.2Basic PLC Instructions
11.3Contact Input Instructions
11.4Output Instructions
11.5PLC System Elements
11.6Processor Scan
11.7Converting Relay Ladder Diagram to PLC Ladder Diagram
11.8More Programming Examples
Chapter 12: Timer Instructions
12.1Timer Instructions
12.2Timer Parameters and Data Structure
12.3Timer On-Delay (TON) Instructions
12.4Timer Off-Delay (TOF) Instructions
12.5Retentive On-Delay Timer (RTO) Instructions
Chapter 13: Counter Instructions
13.1Counter Instructions
13.2Up Counter Instructions
13.3Down Counter Instructions
13.4Up-Down Counters
13.5Cascaded Timer and Counter Instructions
Chapter 14: PLC Math, Comparison, and Logic Instructions
14.1Basic Arithmetic Instructions
14.2Advanced Arithmetic Instructions
14.3Comparison Instructions
14.4Multiple Comparison Instructions
14.5Logic Instructions
Chapter 15: Program Control Instructions
15.1Master Control Reset (MCR) Instructions
15.2Jump To Label Zone Control Instructions
15.3Subroutine Instructions
15.4Immediate Input and Immediate Output Instructions
Chapter 16: Data Manipulation Instructions
16.1Data Structure (Bits, Words, and Files)
16.2Data Conversion Instructions
16.3Thumbwheel Switches and 7-Segment Display
16.4Data Transfer
16.5Word Transfer Instructions
16.6Bit Shift Instructions
16.7Word Shift Instructions
Chapter 17: PLC Sequencer Instructions
17.1Electromechanical Sequencers
17.2PLC Sequencer Instructions
17.3Sequencer Output (SQO) Instructions
17.4Sequencer Compare (SQC) Instructions
17.5Sequencer Load (SQL) Instructions
Chapter 18: Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) Control
18.1Open-Loop and Closed-Loop Control Systems
18.2On-Off Control
18.3PID Control
18.4PID Tuning
18.5PID Instruction
18.6PID and Analog I/O Scaling
18.7Using SCL Instruction
18.8A Programming Example: PID Motor Speed Control
Index
Programmable logic controllers (PLCs) have revolutionized the process control industry. Since their development in 1969, the functions of PLCs have extended beyond hard-wired relay replacement to math functions, data manipulation functions, proportional–integral–derivative (PID) control functions, and artificial intelligence for more sophisticated control systems. Today, every aspect of industry — from machine control to power generation to chemical process control — uses