Ferroic Materials for Smart Systems. Jiyan Dai

Memory Devices Based on Multiferroic Tunneling References

      12  11 Ferroelasticity and Shape Memory Alloy 11.1 Shape Memory Alloy 11.2 Ferromagnetic Shape Memory Alloys References

      13  Index

      14  End User License Agreement

      List of Tables

      1 Chapter 2Table 2.1 Crystallographic classification according to crystal centrosymmetry.

      2 Chapter 3Table 3.1 Pyroelectric coefficient of some typical pyroelectric materials.Table 3.2 Pyroelectric figures of merit of some typical pyroelectric materials.Table 3.3 Comparison of the properties of GaAs, MEMS, and BST thin film.

      3 Chapter 5Table 5.1 The ferroelectric properties of HfO₂films with various dopants (O: obs...Table 5.2 Calculated properties of four hybrid lead halide perovskites from dens...

      4 Chapter 6Table 6.1 Piezoelectric properties of representative piezoelectric materials.Table 6.2 Resonance modes of the five geometries and their related piezoelectric...Table 6.3 The assumption for specific samples (l – length, w – width, t – thickn...

      5 Chapter 7Table 7.1 Acoustic impedances of materials.Table 7.2 Comparison of some piezoelectric materials properties.Table 7.3 Comparison of shear acoustic velocity of substrate materials.

      6 Chapter 8Table 8.1 Fundamental properties showing analogies between ferromagnetism and fe...Table 8.2 Properties of magnetostrictive effect of some ferromagnetic materials.

      7 Chapter 9Table 9.1 Parameters used in calculating the polarization of the PZT film and PZ...

      List of Illustrations

      1 Chapter 1Figure 1.1 AI beats human chess player.Figure 1.2 A cross‐bar structure of synapse and artificial neuron networks bas...Figure 1.3 (a) Photo of a remote control copter and (b) diagram of a PID feedb...Figure 1.4 FEM simulations of three resonant motions in a PZT‐based gyroscope ...Figure 1.5 Diagram showing coupling between different moduli and the clarifica...Figure 1.6 Piezoelectric materials‐based sonar system for car (a) and submarin...Figure 1.7 (a) Transducers and (b) B‐mode image of a wire phantom acquired wit...Figure 1.8 Illustration of concept of a ultrasonic transducer‐based fingerprin...Figure 1.9 A photo of an infrared detector (a) and illustration of its interna...Figure 1.10 Schematic diagram of field‐effect transistor (FET) and the current...Figure 1.11 Schematic diagram of spin valve structure where arrows indicate th...Figure 1.12 Outline of ME device from Virginia Tech and schematic of the cross...Figure 1.13 Phase transition between high temperature austenite phase and low ...Figure 1.14 (a) Brace of orthodontia using shape memory alloys and (b) arthrod...

      2 Chapter 2Figure 2.1 Typical P–E loop from a ferroelectric crystal. Insets illustrate do...Figure 2.2 Schematic diagram showing the origin of the electric polarization.Figure 2.3 Relationships of the piezoelectric, ferroelectric, pyroelectric, an...Figure 2.4 Illustration of crystal structure symmetry breaking‐induced ferroel...Figure 2.5 Starting from the original cubic structure (a), if (b) is stabilize...Figure 2.6 In situ Raman spectra of BaTiO₃ particles measured at different tem...Figure 2.7 (a) Free energy, (b) dielectric constant and spontaneous polarizati...Figure 2.8 (a) Free energy, (b) dielectric constant and spontaneous polarizati...Figure 2.9 (a) Ferroelectric domain structure in BaTiO₃ and (b) cloverleaf dom...Figure 2.10 Illustration of polarization switching by electric field and mecha...Figure 2.11 Illustration of BaTiO₃ structures at different temperatures showin...Figure 2.12 Dielectric constant of SrTiO₃ single crystal as a function of temp...Figure 2.13 Lattice constant of (Ba_xSr_1−x)TiO₃ (both bulk and films) as ...Figure 2.14 The phase transition behavior (the dielectric constant as a functi...Figure 2.15 Bias field dependence of (Ba_xSr_1−x)TiO₃ dielectric constant ...Figure 2.16 (a) Perovskite structure of PbTiO₃ in the cubic form above T_c and ...Figure 2.17 (a) Typical P–E loop of antiferroelectric and (b) structure ...Figure 2.18 The typical electric displacement verses electric field (D–EFigure 2.19 PZT phase diagram. The crossover between M_B and M_A structures is m...Figure 2.20 (a) Frequency‐dependent relative permittivity and (b) P–E lo...Figure 2.21 Polar mechanisms in relaxor ferroelectric materials as postulated ...Figure 2.22 Piezoresponse force images of various compositions of (001)‐orient...Figure 2.23 SEM image of laminate structure of PMN‐0.35PT crystal (courtesy of...Figure 2.24 Phase diagram of PMN‐xPT.Figure 2.25 The polarization vectors in pseudocubic perovskite unit cell. The ...Figure