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Practical Procedures in Implant Dentistry


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       Kyle D. Hogg

      Possessing a thorough knowledge of oral and maxillofacial anatomical structures is a prerequisite to providing safe, effective, and predictably successful implant surgery. Accurate assessment of a patient's anatomy during a pre‐surgical evaluation is vitally important not only to develop a comprehensive plan of treatment, but also to limit the potential risks of surgical complications. Comprehensive medical histories, patient interviews, and clinical exams should be supplemented by conventional two‐dimensional radiography and three‐dimensional imaging, where indicated, to provide the surgeon with sufficient information regarding pertinent anatomy. This chapter will provide an overview of important anatomical structures of the head and neck, focusing on the osteology, vascularity, innervation, and musculature of the region. (For more information on the placement of dental implants in proximity to specific vital anatomical structures please refer to Chapters 7 and 8.)

      6.1.1 Osteology

      Source: Norton, N. (2007). Netter's Head and Neck Anatomy for Dentistry. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier. ©2007, Elsevier.

Bone Paired Single Cranial/Facial Articulation
Frontal X Cranial Maxilla, zygomatic, sphenoid, parietal, ethmoid, nasal, lacrimal
Parietal X Cranial Temporal, frontal, parietal, occipital, sphenoid
Temporal X Cranial Mandible, zygomatic, sphenoid, parietal, occipital
Occipital X Cranial Temporal, atlas (C1), parietal, sphenoid
Sphenoid X Cranial Maxilla, ethmoid, palatine, vomer, frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, zygomatic
Ethmoid X Cranial Maxilla, palatine, vomer, nasal, lacrimal, inferior nasal concha, frontal, sphenoid
Zygomatic X Facial Maxilla, frontal, temporal
Maxilla X Facial Maxilla, zygomatic, frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, palatine, vomer, nasal, lacrimal, inferior nasal concha
Palatine X Facial Maxilla, palatine, vomer, inferior nasal concha, ethmoid, sphenoid
Vomer X Facial Maxilla, palatine, ethmoid, sphenoid
Nasal X Facial Maxilla, nasal, frontal
Lacrimal X Facial Maxilla, frontal, ethmoid, inferior nasal concha
Inferior nasal concha X Facial Maxilla, palatine, lacrimal, ethmoid