medical care system Historical background Categorization and designation Federal efforts: Public Law 101‐590 Simultaneous processing Outcomes Diversion and bypass Payer and funding issues Future directions Conclusion References CHAPTER 73: Telemedicine and emerging telecommunications Introduction EMS telemedicine applications Conclusion References CHAPTER 74: Interfacility transportation Introduction Level of care Clinical indications for interfacility transportation Hazards associated with interfacility transportation Medical oversight of interfacility transport Legal considerations in interfacility transportation EMTALA Summary Acknowledgments References CHAPTER 75: Air medical services Introduction Background: History to Current System Design, Growth, and Costs Clinical Efficacy, Appropriateness, and Outcomes Safety, Quality, and Standards Integration and Regulations Regulation Operations Summary References SECTION II: Human Resources CHAPTER 76: EMS personnel Introduction Scope of practice The interdependent relationship between education, certification, licensure, and credentialing Regulating health care professions Summary: the synergy of three layers of public protection Acknowledgments References CHAPTER 77: Protection of EMS personnel from occupationally acquired infections Introduction Standards, laws, and regulations Blood‐borne pathogens Human immunodeficiency virus Airborne, droplet, and contact transmission of infection Recommended immunizations Reporting an exposure Summary Acknowledgment References CHAPTER 78: Medical surveillance of emergency response personnel Regulatory framework Overview Initial employment exam Baseline exam Annual or periodic examination On‐scene medical monitoring Exposure‐specific examination Termination or exit exam Summary References CHAPTER 79: EMS clinician wellness Introduction References CHAPTER 80: Occupational Injury Prevention and Management Introduction Occupational fatalities Occupational injuries Injury prevention Comparing studies References CHAPTER 81: Prevention and intervention for psychologically stressful events Introduction
