with huntite and hydromagnesite mineral, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 135, 121, 2017.
40. Mostashari, S.M., The superiority of red phosphorus over polymetaphosphate as flame-retardants on cellulosic substrates, Cellulose Chem. Technol., 43, 199, 2009.
41. B. Klesczewski, M. Otten, S. Meyer-Ahrens, Method for producing flame-retardant polyurethane foam materials having good long-term use properties, European Patent 2451856, assigned to Bayer, December 11, 2013.
42. H. Schmidt, G. Ng, L. Tang, P. Pepic, D. Ulman, Isocyanate-based polymer foam having improved flame retardant properties, European Patent 2922921, assigned to Proprietect, January 30, 2019.
43. Pecht, M. and Deng, Y., Electronic device encapsulation using red phosphorus flame retardants, Microelectr. Rel., 46, 53, 2006.
44. Y. Kinose, R. Imamura, A. Inoue, T. Hata, E. Okuno, Red phosphorus-base flame retardant for epoxy resins, red phosphorus-base flame retardant compositions therefor, processes for the production of both, epoxy resin compositions for sealing for semiconductor devices, sealants and semiconductor devices, US Patent 6858300, assigned to Nippon Chemical, February 22, 2005.
45. Brown, D., The return of the red retardant, in: Proc. 2016 Pan Pacific Microelectronics Symp, Big Island, Hawaii, January, 2016.
46. Chen, Z., Du, J., Li, X., Xie, Z., Wang, Y., Wang, H., Zheng, J., Yang, R., Failure behavior of nylon products for red phosphorus flame retardant electrical connectors, RSC Adv., 9, 24935, 2019.
47. L. Sequeira, Fire retardant epoxy resin formulations and their use, European Patent 2956497, assigned to Hexcel, January 2017.
48. J.J. Sang, F. Lenzi, J.E. Meegan, L. Macadams, Y. Zhao, D.K. Kohli, Multifunctional surfacing material with burn-through resistance, PCT Patent Application WO2017/117383, assigned to Cytec, July 6, 2017.
49. Le Bras, M., Camino, G., Bourbigot, S., Delobel, R. (Eds.), Fire retardancy of polymers: the use of intumescence, Royal Society of Chemistry Special Publication 224, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1998.
50. Bourbigot, S., Le Bras, M., Duquesne, S., Rochery, M., Recent advances for intumescent polymers, Macromol. Mater. Eng., 289, 490, 2004.
51. Alongi, J., Han, Z., Bourbigot, S., Intumescence: tradition versus vovelty. A comprehensive review, Progr. Polym. Sci., 51, 28, 2015.
52. Bourbigot, S. and Duquesne, S., Intumescence-based fire retardants, in: Fire Retardancy of Polymeric Materials, C.A. Wilkie and A.B. Morgan (Eds.), pp. 129–162, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2009.
53. Camino, G. and Delobel, R., Intumescence, in: Fire Retardancy of Polymeric Materials, A.F. Grand and C.A. Wilkie (Eds.), pp. 217–243, Marcel Dekker, New York, 2000.
54. Jindasuwan, S., Sukmanee, N., Supanpong, C., Suwan, M., Nimittrakoolchai, O., Supothina, S., Influence of hydrophobic substance on enhancing washing durability of water soluble flame-retardant coating, Appl. Surf. Sci., 275, 239, 2013.
55. J.R. Johnson, K.Y.M., Chan, C., Wang, Formaldehyde-free flame retardant compositions and their use for manufacturing durable formaldehyde-free flame retardant cellulosic materials, US Patent 9675998, assigned to Winnitex, June 13, 2017.
56. E. van der Meulen, Fireproof and fire-retardant composition, PCT Patent Application WO 2008/150157, assigned to Finifire, December 11, 2008.
57. Nama, S., Condon, B.D., White, R.H., Zhao, Q., Yao, F., Cintrón, M.S., Effect of urea additive on the thermal decomposition kinetics of flame retardant greige cotton nonwoven fabric, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 97, 738, 2012.
58. Parikh, D.V., Nam, S., He, Q., Evaluation of three flame retardant (FR) grey cotton blend nonwoven fabrics using Micro-Scale Combustion Calorimeter, J. Fire Sci., 30, 187, 2012.
59. El-Tahlawy, K., Chitosan phosphate: A new way for production of eco-friendly flame-retardant cotton textiles, J. Textile Inst., 99, 185, 2008.
60. El-Tahlawy, K., Eid, R., Sherif, F., Hudson, S., Chitosan: a new route for increasing the efficiency of stannate/phosphate flame retardants on cotton, J. Textile Inst., 99, 157, 2008.
61. Nair, G.P., Mechanisms of flame retardancy in cotton fabrics and studies on durability of the finish. A novel method to retain the efficacy of the finish wash after wash, Colourage, p. 29, June 2000.
62. J. Zhang, J. Horton, X.H. Gao, Method of conferring fire retardancy to wood and fire-retardant wood products, US Patent 9669564, assigned to Koppers Performance Chemicals, July 6, 2017.
63. D.-W. Son, Flame retardant composition for wood, flame retardant wood, and method for manufacturing the same, US Patent 10093813, assigned to Korean National Institute of Forest Science, October 9, 2018.
64. Grexa, O. and Utike, H., Flammability parameters of wood tested on a cone calorimeter, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 74, 427, 2001.
65. Terzi, E., Kartal, S.N., White, R.H., Shinoda, K., Imamura, Y., Fire performance and decay resistance of solid wood and plywood treated with quaternary ammonia compounds and common fire retardants, Eur. J. Wood Prod., 69, 41, 2011.
66. Gao, M., Yang, S., Yang, R., Flame retardant synergism of GUP and boric acid by cone calorimetry, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 102, 5522, 2006.
67. G. Sun, Flame-retardant and corrosion-resistant fiber bamboo substrate and preparation method thereof, US Patent 9751810, assigned to Wuxi Boda Bamboo and Wood Industrial, September 5, 2017.
68. Holmes, C.A. and Knispel, R.O., Exterior weathering Durability of some leach-resistant fire-retardant treatments for wood shingles: a five-year report, 1981, USDA Research Report FPL403.
69. A. Deholm, Fire retardant paper, US Patent 7510628, assigned to FF Seely Nominees Pty, March 31, 2009.
70. Vroman, I., Lecoeur, E., Bourbigot, S., Delobel, R., Guanidine hydrogen phosphate based flame-retardant formulations for cotton, J. Ind. Tex., 34, 27, 2004.
71. Shen, C.Y., Stahlheber, N.E., Dyroff, D.R., Preparation and characterization of crystalline long-chain ammonium polyphosphate, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 91, 62, 1969.
72. Liu, G., Liu, X., Yu, J., A novel process to prepare ammonium polyphosphate with crystalline form II and its comparison with melamine polyphosphate, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 49, 5523, 2010.
73. Liu, G., Chen, W., Liu, X., Yu, J., Controllable synthesis and characterization of ammonium polyphosphate with crystalline form V by phosphoric acid process, Polym. Degrad. Stab., 95, 1834, 2010.
74. Weil, E.D., Fire-protective and flame-retardant coatings - a state-of-the-art review, J. Fire Sci., 29, 259, 2011.
75. Camino, G. and Costa, L., Mechanism of intumescence in fire retardant polymers. Rev. Inorg. Chem., 8, 69, 1986.
76. Vandersall, H.L., Intumescent coating systems, their development and chemistry, J. Fire Flammability, 2, 97, 1971.
77. Futterer, T., A Review about the use of novel intumescent flame retardants in thermoplastic materials, in: Proc. Fall FRCA Conference, pp. 141–142, Cleveland, OH, October 2002.
78. Cogen, J.M., Jow, J., Lin, T.S., Whaley, P.D., New approaches to halogen free polyolefin flame retardant wire and cable compounds, in: Proc. 52nd IWCS/Focus International Wire & Cable Symposium, Philadelphia, PA, November 2004.
79. T. Ihara, Y. Koshiro, S. Suzuki, Flame retardant polyurethane resin composition and making method, US Patent 8093318, assigned to Shin-Etsu, January 10, 2012.
80. Bertelli, G., Goberti, P., Marchetti, E., Camino, G., Luda di Cortemiglia, M.P., Costa, L., Structure-Char Forming Relationship in Intumescent Fire Retardant Systems, in: Fire Safety Science, Proc. 3rd Int. Symp, G. Cox and B. Langford (Eds.), Edinburgh, July, 1991, Elsevier, London, p. 537, 1991.
81. R. Nalepa and D. Scharf, Two-component intumescent flame retardant, US Patent 5204392,