3.48. Enantioselective reactions catalyzed by 32. (a)(b)(c)...Figure 3.13. Chiral P1‐phosphazene catalysts.Scheme 3.49. Enantioselective addition of nitroalkanes and dialkyl phosphite...Figure 3.14. Proposed transition‐state model.Scheme 3.50. Enantioselective Michael addition reactions catalyzed by (P)‐34Scheme 3.51. Enantioselective aldol‐type reaction of α‐hydroxy phosphonoacet...Scheme 3.52. Enantioselective Payne‐type oxidation of N‐sulfonyl imines cata...Figure 3.15. Chiral higher‐order phosphazene catalysts.Scheme 3.53. Enantioselective amination of 2‐alkyltetralone with azodicarbox...Scheme 3.54. Enantioselective addition reactions of less acidic pronucleophi...Scheme 3.55. Enantioselective formal [3+2] cycloaddition of epoxysulfones wi...Scheme 3.56. Enantioselective direct Mannich‐type reactions catalyzed by chi...
4 Chapter 4Scheme 4.1. Modes of asymmetric phase‐transfer and ion‐pair organocatalysis....Scheme 4.2. First enantioselective alkylation using chiral cation phase tran...Scheme 4.3. Enantioselective benzylation of glycine imines.Scheme 4.4. Catalyst development for the enantioselective mono‐alkylation of...Scheme 4.5. Catalyst development for the enantioselective synthesis α,α...Scheme 4.6. Atropselective enolate O‐alkylation.Scheme 4.7. Enantioselective addition of glycine imines to Michael acceptors...Scheme 4.8. Enantioselective epoxidation of chalcones.Scheme 4.9. Enantioselective aziridination of α,β‐unsaturated esters.Scheme 4.10. Enantioselective aza‐Michael addition of hydrazides to chalcone...Scheme 4.11. Enantioselective aldol reaction using glycine imines.Scheme 4.12. Enantioselective Mannich reaction using glycine imines.Scheme 4.13. Enantioselective arylation of 1,3‐dicarbonyl nucleophiles via n...Scheme 4.14. Enantioselective arylation of mono‐alkylated glycine imines via...Scheme 4.15. Enantioselective arylation of oxindoles via nucleophilic aromat...Scheme 4.16. Atropselective synthesis of biaryl motifs via nucleophilic arom...Scheme 4.17. Atropselective macrocyclization via nucleophilic aromatic subst...Scheme 4.18. Enantioselective α‐fluorination of β‐ketoesters.Scheme 4.19. Enantioselective α‐chlorination and α‐sulfenylation of 1,3‐dica...Scheme 4.20. Enantioselective α‐hydroxylation of indanones.Scheme 4.21. Enantioselective α‐hydroxylation of oxindoles.Scheme 4.22. Enantioselective α‐amination of β‐ketoesters using azodicarboxy...Scheme 4.23. Enantioselective α‐amination of oxindoles and lactones using az...Scheme 4.24. Enantioselective α‐amination of oxindoles using hydroxylamines....Scheme 4.25. Enantioselective oxidation of sulfides using a peroxomolybdate/...Scheme 4.26. Enantioselective transformations via transition metal/chiral ca...Scheme 4.27. Asymmetric Michael addition via cation binding BINOL‐derived et...Scheme 4.28. Enantioselective Michael addition via cation binding sugar‐deri...Scheme 4.29. Kinetic resolution of silyl‐protected alcohols.Scheme 4.30. Asymmetric Strecker reaction catalyzed by BINOL‐derived crown e...Scheme 4.31. First example of asymmetric counteranion‐directed catalysis....Scheme 4.32. Asymmetric counteranion‐directed catalysis involving iminium io...Scheme 4.33. Asymmetric Mukaiyama aldol reaction catalyzed by a highly acidi...Scheme 4.34. Asymmetric counteranion‐directed catalysis involving stabilized...Scheme 4.35. Asymmetric counteranion‐directed catalysis with unstabilized ox...Scheme 4.36. Trityl cation/ chiral phosphate salt activation of α‐ketoesters...Scheme 4.37. Intramolecular asymmetric counteranion‐directed catalysis with ...Scheme 4.38. Intermolecular asymmetric counteranion‐directed catalysis with ...Scheme 4.39. Enantioselective aziridinium and episulfonium ring‐opening.Scheme 4.40. Asymmetric Diels Alder via photoredox/chiral anion dual catalys...Scheme 4.41. First example of chiral anion phase‐transfer catalysis.Scheme 4.42. Overview of chiral anion phase‐transfer catalyzed fluorination ...Scheme 4.43. Chiral anion phase‐transfer catalyzed fluorination with BINOL‐d...Scheme 4.44. Overview of chiral anion phase‐transfer catalyzed bromination a...Scheme 4.45. Chiral anion phase‐transfer catalyzed diazenation.Scheme 4.46. Asymmetric transformations mediated by oxopiperidinium/chiral a...Scheme 4.47. Asymmetric arylation of benzopyrylium with phenols under phase‐...Scheme 4.48. First example of a transition‐metal/chiral anion catalyzed tran...Scheme