id="n_38">
38
Libby Purves, ‘Indian women need a cultural earthquake’, The Times (31 December 2012): https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/indian-wom-en-need-a-cultural-earthquake-mtgbgxd3mvd
39
О мифе «недоступности» применительно к коренным американкам и представительницам «первых наций» смотри: Andrea Smith, Conquest: Sexual Violence and American Indian Genocide (South End Press, 2005); Jacki Thompson Rand, Kiowa Humanity and the Invasion of the State (University of Nebraska Press, 2008); and Maya Seshia, ‘Naming Systemic Violence in Winnipeg’s Street Sex Trade’, Canadian Journal of Urban Research, vol. 19, no. 1 (2010): 1–17. О том же явлении в Южной Африке писали: Pumla Dineo Gqola, Rape: A South African Nightmare (MF Books Joburg, 2015); and Rebecca Helman, ‘Mapping the unrapeability of white and black womxn’, Agenda: Empowering women for gender equality, vol. 32, no. 4 (2018): 10–21. В Австралии: Ann McGrath, ‘“Black Velvet”: Aboriginal women and their relations with white men in the Northern Territory 1910–40’, in So Much Hard Work: Women and Prostitution in Australian History, ed. Kay Daniels (Fontana Books, 1984): 233–297; Greta Bird and Pat O’Malley, ‘Kooris, Internal Colonialism, and Social Justice’, Social Justice, vol. 16, no. 3 (1989): 35–50; Larissa Behrendt, ‘Consent in a (Neo)Colonial Society: Aboriginal Women as Sexual and Legal “Other”’, Australian Feminist Studies, vol. 15, no. 33 (2000): 353–367; and Corrinne Tayce Sullivan, ‘Indigenous Australian women’s colonial sexual intimacies: positioning indigenous women’s agency’, Culture, Health & Sexuality, vol. 20, no. 4 (2018): 397–410. Историк Памела Скалли отмечает «любопытную особенность историографии: авторы в целом были больше озабочены расплывчатыми мифами о насилии над белыми женщинами со стороны чернокожих, а не тем, что колониализм санкционировал повсеместное изнасилование чернокожих женщин белыми мужчинами» (Pamela Scully, ‘Rape, Race, and Colonial Culture: The Sexual Politics of Identity in the Nineteenth-Century Cape Colony, South Africa’, The American Historical Review, vol. 100, no. 2 (1995): 335–359, p. 337).
40
Scully, ‘Rape, Race, and Colonial Culture’, pp. 335ff.
41
Carolyn M. West and Kalimah Johnson, ‘Sexual Violence in the Lives of African American Women’, National Online Resource Center on Violence Against Women (2013): https://vawnet.org/sites/default/files/materials/ files/2016-09/AR_SVAAWomenRevised.pdf, p. 2.
42
Joanna Bourke, Rape: A History from 1860 to the Present Day (Virago, 2007), p. 77.
43
Rebecca Epstein, Jamilia J. Blake and Thalia González, ‘Girlhood Interrupted: The Erasure of Black Girls’ Childhood’, Georgetown Center on Poverty and Inequality (2017): https://ssrn.com/abstract=3000695
44
Kimberlé Williams Crenshaw, ‘I Believe I Can Lie’, The Baffler (17 January 2019): https://thebaffler.com/latest/i-believe-i-can-lie-crenshaw
45
В США, по оценкам, 41,2 % неиспаноязычных чернокожих женщин в течение жизни страдают от физического насилия со стороны сексуального партнера, по сравнению с 30,5 % неиспаноязычных белых женщин. Среди коренных американок это 51,7 %, а испаноязычных – 29,7 % (Matthew J. Breiding, Sharon G. Smith, Kathleen C. Basile, Mikel L. Walters, Jieru Chen and Melissa T. Merrick, ‘Prevalence and Characteristics of Sexual Violence, Stalking, and Intimate Partner Violence Victimization – National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey, United States, 2011’, Center for Disease Control and Prevention: Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, vol. 63, no. 8 (2014): https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ ss6308a1.htm, table 7). Чернокожих женщин убивают в три раза чаще, чем белых американок (Emiko Petrosky, Janet M. Blair, Carter J. Betz, Katherine A. Fowler, Shane P.D. Jack and Bridget H. Lyons, ‘Racial and Ethnic Differences in Homicides of Adult Women and the Role of Intimate Partner Violence – United States, 2003–2014’, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, vol. 66, no. 28 (2017): 741–746, p. 742).
46
Beth E. Richie, Arrested Justice: Black Women, Violence, and America’s Prison Nation (NYU Press, 2012).
47
Shatema Threadcraft, ‘North American Necropolitics and Gender: On #BlackLivesMatter and Black Femicide’, South Atlantic Quarterly, vol. 116, no. 3 (2017): 553–579, p. 574.
48
Ibid., p. 566.
49
Joe Coscarelli, ‘R. Kelly Faces a #MeToo Reckoning as Time’s Up Backs a Protest’, The New York Times (1 May 2018): https://www.nytimes. com/2018/05/01/arts/music/r-kelly-timesup-metoo-muterkelly.html
50
‘Chance the Rapper Apologizes for Working With R. Kelly’, NBC Chicago (8 January 2019): https://www.nbcchicago.com/news/local/Chance-the-Rapper-Apologizes-for-Working-With-R-Kelly-504063131.html
51
Alan Blinder, ‘Was That Ralph Northam in Blackface? An Inquiry Ends Without Answers’, The New York Times (22 May 2019): https://www.nytimes. com/2019/05/22/us/ralph-northam-blackface-photo.html
52
‘Virginia’s Justin Fairfax Compared Himself To Lynching Victims In An Impromptu Address’, YouTube (25 February 2019): https://www.youtube. com/watch?v=ZTaTssa2d8E
53
Anubha Bhonsle, ‘Indian Army, Rape Us’, Outlook (10 February 2016): https://www.outlookindia.com/website/story/indian-army-rape-us/296634. Благодарю Дурбу Митру, что показала мне это дело и его необычные последствия.
54
О роли «сексуально озабоченной» женщины из низшей касты в социальной формации колониальной и постколониальной Индии смотри: Durba Mitra, Indian Sex Life: Sexuality and the Colonial Origins of Modern Social Thought (Princeton University Press, 2020).
55
‘Hathras case: A woman repeatedly reported rape.