Brian Hare

Geniaalsed koerad. Milles avaldub koerte tarkus


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Davis, S. J. M., Valla, F. R. „Evidence for Domestication of the Dog 12,000 Years Ago in the Natufian of Israel”. Mitmed uurimisgrupid on kasutanud geneetilisi meetodeid, et kindlaks teha, kus kodustati koerad kõige varem (Larson, G., et al.,„Rethinking Dog Domestication by Integrating Genetics, Archeology, and Biogeography”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences109, no. 23 [2012]: 8878– 83). Mitokondriaalse DNA uurimise põhjal arvati esmalt, et koerad kodustati Ida-Aasias (Savolainen, P., et al., „Genetic Evidence for an East Asian Origin of Domestic Dogs”, Science 298, no. 5598 [2002]: 1610–13). Seejärel, kasutades tuuma DNAd ühenukleotiidsete polümorfismide (single-nucleotide polymorphism, SNP) analüüsimiseks, pakuti välja, et koerad pärinevad Lähis-Idast (vaata von Holdt, „Genome-wide SNP and Haplotype Analyses”). Siiski näitab hiljutine geneetilisi biogeograafilisi ja arheoloogilisi andmeid käsitlev ülevaateartikkel, et geneetiliste meetoditega ei ole õnnestunud tõestada, nagu põlvneksid koerad ühest konkreetsest geograafilisest regioonist. Seetõttu jääb alles võimalus, et koerad pärinevad mitmetest erinevatest aegadest ja erinevatest paikadest tõenäoliselt Euraasias. Samuti on võimalik, et tulevikus saame edukamalt lahendada küsimuse, kus kodustati koerad kõige varem, kasutades geneetilisi meetodeid, mis kaasavad võrdlusesse kogu genoomi (vaata: Larson, „Rethinking Dog Domestication”).

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