Michał Marcin Kobierecki

Sports Diplomacy


Скачать книгу

Comparative Study of Policy and Practice (Abingdon: Routledge, 2013), 1.

      28. J.M. Waller, The Public Diplomacy Reader (Washington: Lulu, 2007), 30.

      29. J.Gregory Payne, “Reflections on Public Diplomacy: People-to-People Communication,” American Behavioral Scientist 53, np. 4 (2009): 580.

      30. Huijgh, “Public Diplomacy,” 437.

      31. Ociepka, Miękka siła, 71.

      32. Eytan Gilboa, “Searching for a Theory of Public Diplomacy,” ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 616, no. 1 (2008): 57–58.

      33. Payne, “Reflections,” 603–604.

      34. Eytan Gilboa, “Dyplomacja w epoce informacji” [Diplomacy in the Era of Information], in Dyplomacja publiczna [Public Diplomacy], ed. Beata Ociepka (Wrocław: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, 2008), 39–41.

      35. Jan Melissen, “Public Diplomacy,” in The Oxford Handbook of Modern Diplomacy, ed. Andrew F. Cooper, Jorge Heine, and Ramesh Thakur (Oxford: Oxford University Press: 2013), 441.

      36. Geoffrey Cowan and Amelia Arsenault, “Moving from Monologue to Dialogue to Collaboration: The Three Layers of Public Diplomacy,” The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 616 (2008): 12.

      37. Nancy Snow, “Rethinking Public Diplomacy,” in Routledge Handbook of Public Diplomacy, ed. Nancy Snow and Philip M. Taylor (New York: Routledge, 2009), 6.

      38. Stuart Murray, “Sports Diplomacy,” in The SAGE Handbook of Diplomacy, ed. Costas M. Constantinou, Pauline Kerr, and Paul Sharp (Los Angeles: SAGE, 2016), 618–620.

      39. Stuart Murray, Sports Diplomacy: Origins, Theory and Practice (New York: Routledge: 2018), 90.

      40. Marta Hereźniak, Marka narodowa: Jak skutecznie budować wizerunek i reputację kraju [Nation Brand: How to Effectively Build Image and Reputation of a Country] (Warszawa: Polskie Wydawnictwo Ekonomiczne: 2011), 15, 23.

      41. Peter van Ham, Social Power in International Politics (London: Routledge, 2010), 136.

      42. Roy Panagiotopoulou, “Hosting the Olympic Games: From Promoting the Nation to Nation-Branding,” in Sport and the Transformation of Modern Europe: States, Media and Markets 1950–2010, ed. Alan Tomlinson, Christopher Young, and Richard Holt (London: Routledge, 2011), 153.

      43. Jan Melissen, “The New Public Diplomacy: Between Theory and Practice,” in The New Public Diplomacy: Soft Power in International Relations, ed. Jan Melissen (New York: Springer, 2005), 20–21.

      44. Gilboa, “Searching,” 68

      45. Ociepka, Miękka siła, 16, 62.

      46. Joseph S. Nye, Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics (New York: PublicAffairs, 2004), 5.

      47. Joseph S. Nye, “Public Diplomacy and Soft Power,” The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 616 (2008): 95.

      48. Joseph S. Nye, “Soft Power,” Foreign Policy 80 (1990): 167.

      49. Ociepka, Miękka siła, 60, 63.

      50. Huijgh, “Public Diplomacy,” 442.

      51. David Black and Byron Peacock, “Sport and Diplomacy,” in The Oxford Handbook of Modern Diplomacy, ed. Andrew F. Cooper, Jorge Heine, and Ramesh Thakur (Oxford: Oxford University Press: 2013), 709.

      52. Jacquie L’Etang, Sports Public Relations (Los Angeles: SAGE, 2013), 81.

      53. Stuart Murray, Geoffrey A. Pigman, “Mapping the Relationship between International Sport and Diplomacy,” Sport in Society 17, no. 9 (2014): 1099.

      54. J. Simon Rofe, “Introduction: Establishing the Field of Play,” in Sport and Diplomacy: Games within Games, ed. J. Simon Rofe (Manchester, Manchester University Press), 1-2.

      55. Catherine Palmer, Global Sports Policy (Los Angeles: SAGE, 2013), 157.

      56. Evan H. Potter, Branding Canada: Projecting Canada’s Soft Power through Public Diplomacy (Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 2009), 90–92.

      57. Murray, Sports Diplomacy: Origins, 94–95, 113.

      58. Andrew L. Johns, “Introduction: Competing in the Global Arena: Sport and Foreign Relations since 1945,” in Diplomatic Games: Sport, Statecraft, and International Relations since 1945, ed. Heather L. Dichter and Andrew L. Johns (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky: 2014), 3.

      59. Judit Trunkos and Bob Heere, “Sport Diplomacy: A Review of How Sports Can Be Used to Improve International Relationships,” in Case Studies in Sport Diplomacy, ed. Craig Esherick, Robert E. Baker, Steven Jackson and Michael Sam (Morgantown: FiT Publishing, 2017), 5.

      60. Barrie Houlihan, “Politics and Sport,” in Handbook of Sports Studies, ed. Jay Coakley and Eric Dunning (London: SAGE, 2004), 217.

      61. David Rowe, Global Media Sport: Flows, Forms and Futures (London: Bloomsbury, 2011), 115.

      62. L’Etang, Sports, 81.

      63. Anurag Saxena, The Sociology of Sport and Physical Education (New Delhi: Sports Publication, 2011), 25.

      64. Udo Merkel, “Sport as a Foreign Policy and Diplomatic Tool,” in Routledge Handbook of Sport and Politics, ed. Alan Bairner, John Kelly, and Jung Woo Lee (Abingdon: Routledge, 2017), 29.

      65. Houlihan, “Politics and Sport,” 219; Barrie Houlihan, “Political Involvement in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation,” in The Sociology of Sport and Physical Education: An Introductory Reader, ed. Anthony Laker (London: Routledge, 2002), 194; Aviston D. Downes, “Forging Africa-Caribbean Solidarity within the Commonwealth? Sport and Diplomacy during the Anti-Apartheid Campaign,” in Diplomatic Games: Sport, Statecraft, and International Relations since 1945, ed. Heather L. Dichter and Andrew L. Johns (Lexington: University Press of Kentucky: 2014), 72; Stuart Murray, “Moving Beyond the Ping-Pong Table: Sports Diplomacy in the Modern Diplomatic Environment,” Public Diplomacy Magazine 9 (2013): 15.

      66. Rofe, “Introduction,” 6.

      67. Rui B. Santos, Alexndre M. Mestre, and Francisco R. de Megalhāes, Sports Law in Portugal (Alphen aan den Rijn: Wolters Kluwer, 2011), 21.

      68. Philip A. D’Agati, The Cold War and the 1984 Olympic Games: A Soviet-American Surogate War (New York: Palgrave, 2013), 13.

      69. Aaron Beacom, “A Changing Discourse? British Diplomacy and the Olympic Movement,” in Sport and International Relations: An Emerging Relationship, ed. Roger Levermore and Adrian Budd (London: Routledge, 2004), 98–99.

      70. Martin Polley, Sports History: A Practical Guide (New York: Palgrave, 2007), 71, 96.

      71. Stuart Murray, “The Two Halves of Sports-Diplomacy,” Diplomacy & Statecraft 23, no. 3 (2012): 581.

      72. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea, Diplomatic White Paper 2014, 324–325.

      73. United States of America Congressional Record, Proceedings and Debates of the 108th Congress First Session, vol. 149—part 19, October 24 to November 4, 2003, Washington, DC, 2003, 25790.

      74. Murray and Pigman, “Mapping,” 1099.

      75. Murray, Sports Diplomacy: Origins, 6, 61, 89–90, 135, 203.

      76. James Pamment, “Rethinking Diplomatic and Development Outcomes Through Sport: Toward a Participatory Paradigm of Multi-Stakeholder Diplomacy,” Diplomacy & Statecraft 27, no. 2 (2016): 234.

      77. Trunkos and Heere, “Sport Diplomacy,” 7–14.

      78. Murray, Sports Diplomacy: Origins, 68.

      79. Wojciech Lipoński, Od Aten do Atlanty: Minihistoria nowożytnych igrzysk olimpijskich 1896–1996 [From Athens to Atlanta: Minihistory of modern Olympic Games 1896–1996] (Poznań: Atena, 1996), 63.

      80. Murray, Sports Diplomacy: Origins, 61.

      81.