Ernst Haeckel

Les énigmes de l'Univers


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de la parole.

      On rencontre bien plus de difficulté et d'incertitude en cherchant à reconstruire la série des ancêtres invertébrés qui ont précédé nos ancêtres vertébrés; car nous n'avons pas de restes pétrifiés de leurs corps mous et sans squelette; la paléontologie ne peut nous fournir aucune preuve certaine. D'autant plus précieuses deviennent les sources de l'anatomie et de l'ontogénie comparées. Comme l'embryon humain passe par le même stade «chordula» que l'embryon de tous les autres Vertébrés, comme il se développe aux dépens des deux feuillets d'une «gastrula», nous en concluons, d'après la grande loi biogénétique, à l'existence passée de formes ancestrales correspondantes (Vermaliés, Gastréadés). Mais ce qui est surtout important, c'est ce fait fondamental, que l'embryon de l'homme, comme celui de tous les autres animaux, se développe primitivement aux dépens d'une simple cellule; car cette cellule-souche (cytula)—«ovule fécondé»—témoigne indiscutablement d'une forme ancestrale correspondante monocellulaire, d'un antique ancêtre (période laurentienne) Protozoaire.

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