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Human Milk: Composition, Clinical Benefits and Future Opportunities


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and thus in turn help underpin the efficacy of breastfeeding as a public health intervention.

      Alan Lucas

      Donovan SM, German JB, Lönnerdal B, Lucas A (eds): Human Milk: Composition, Clinical Benefits and Future Opportunities. Nestlé Nutr Inst Workshop Ser, vol 90, pp 35–42, (DOI: 10.1159/000490291)

      Nestlé Nutrition Institute, Switzerland/S. Karger AG., Basel, © 2019

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      Abstract

      Dietary supplementation with bovine milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) concentrates has recently emerged as a possible means to improve the health of infants and young children. Formula-fed infants are of special interest since infant formulas traditionally have lower concentrations of biologically active MFGM components than human milk. We identified 6 double-blind randomized controlled trials (DBRCT) exploring the effects of supplementing the diet of infants and children with bovine MFGM concentrates. Two studies found a positive effect on cognitive development in formula-fed infants. Three studies found a protective effect against infections at different ages during infancy and early childhood. We conclude that supplementation with MFGM during infancy and childhood appears safe, and the studies indicate positive effects on both neurodevelopment and defense against infections, especially in formula-fed infants. However, due to the small number of studies and the heterogeneity of interventions and outcomes, more high-quality DBRCTs are needed before firm conclusions can be drawn on the likely health benefits of MFGM supplementation to infants and children.

      © 2019 Nestlé Nutrition Institute, Switzerland/S. Karger AG, Basel

      Introduction

      Breastfed infants have a higher intake of MFGM components than formula-fed infants because, traditionally, the MFGM fraction is discarded with the milk fat which is replaced by blends of vegetable oils as the source of fat in infant formulas. Resulting from advances in dairy technology, bovine MFGM concentrates are now commercially available and possible to use as a supplement to foods, including infant formulas.

      Physiological Effects of Single Components of the Milk Fat Globule Membrane

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      Clinical Studies on Milk Fat Globule Membrane Concentrates