of delirium Conclusion References CHAPTER 62: Memory clinics Introduction Developments around the world Why the need? Are they effective? The memory clinic team What happens in a memory clinic? What interventions can be offered? Summary References CHAPTER 63: Alzheimer’s disease Introduction Epidemiology of Alzheimer’s disease Risk factors of Alzheimer’s disease Neuropathology of Alzheimer’s disease What is the chronological relationship between amyloid deposits and neurofibrillary degeneration? Definition of the stages of cognitive severity Process for the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease Biomarkers of AD Treatment Toward a new paradigm: the prevention of Alzheimer’s disease Conclusion References CHAPTER 64: Mild cognitive impairment: an update Core clinical criteria for the diagnosis of MCI MCI research criteria incorporating biomarkers Conclusion: clinical acceptance of MCI References CHAPTER 65: Vascular dementia Historical perspective and definitions Vascular cognitive impairment – current definitions General epidemiological issues Pathophysiology Clinical impact: cognitive and motor impairment Preventive (risk‐factor control) and curative therapies Conclusions References CHAPTER 66: Mental stimulation and dementia Introduction Cognitive (mental) interventions Supporting evidence Mechanisms Targets of intervention Implementing interventions Conclusions Acknowledgements References CHAPTER 67: Exercise and dementia Introduction Physical activity and the prevention of dementia in clinical research Physical activity and executive function Frailty, physical activity, and cognitive reserve Biological mechanisms of physical activity in preventing cognitive decline Clinical practical applications: physical activity and prevention of AD Physical activity in AD populations Practical clinical applications: physical activity for demented patients Conclusion References CHAPTER 68: Drug development and Alzheimer’s disease Introduction Impact on cholinergic deficit Anti‐amyloid therapies Drugs to target tau protein Neuroprotective agents Neurorestorative approaches Non‐pharmaceutical therapies Prevention and AD Conclusion References CHAPTER 69: Other dementias Introduction Vascular cognitive impairment/vascular dementia Lewy body disease Dementia with Lewy bodies Parkinson’s disease with dementia
