United States. Central Intelligence Agency

The 2005 CIA World Factbook


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1.2% (2003 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:

       6,800 (2003 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - deaths:

       600 (2003 est.)

      Major infectious diseases: degree of risk: very high food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: dengue fever, malaria, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, yellow fever are high risks in some locations water contact disease: schistosomiasis respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis (2004)

      Nationality:

       noun: Gambian(s)

       adjective: Gambian

      Ethnic groups:

       African 99% (Mandinka 42%, Fula 18%, Wolof 16%, Jola 10%, Serahuli

       9%, other 4%), non-African 1%

      Religions:

       Muslim 90%, Christian 9%, indigenous beliefs 1%

      Languages:

       English (official), Mandinka, Wolof, Fula, other indigenous

       vernaculars

      Literacy:

       definition: age 15 and over can read and write

       total population: 40.1%

       male: 47.8%

       female: 32.8% (2003 est.)

      Government Gambia, The

      Country name:

       conventional long form: Republic of The Gambia

       conventional short form: The Gambia

      Government type:

       republic under multiparty democratic rule

      Capital:

       Banjul

      Administrative divisions:

       5 divisions and 1 city*; Banjul*, Central River, Lower River, North

       Bank, Upper River, Western

      Independence:

       18 February 1965 (from UK)

      National holiday:

       Independence Day, 18 February (1965)

      Constitution:

       24 April 1970; suspended July 1994; rewritten and approved by

       national referendum 8 August 1996; reestablished January 1997

      Legal system:

       based on a composite of English common law, Koranic law, and

       customary law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations

      Suffrage:

       18 years of age; universal

      Executive branch:

       chief of state: President Yahya A. J. J. JAMMEH (since 18 October

       1996; note - from 1994 to 1996 he was Chairman of the Junta); Vice

       President Isatou Njie SAIDY (since 20 March 1997); note - the

       president is both the chief of state and head of government

       head of government: President Yahya A. J. J. JAMMEH (since 18

       October 1996; note - from 1994 to 1996 was he Chairman of the

       Junta); Vice President Isatou Njie SAIDY (since 20 March 1997); note

       - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

       cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president

       elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term;

       election last held 18 October 2001 (next to be held October 2006)

       election results: Yahya A. J. J. JAMMEH reelected president; percent

       of vote - Yahya A. J. J. JAMMEH 52.9%, Ousainou DARBOE 32.7%

      Legislative branch:

       unicameral National Assembly (53 seats; 48 elected by popular vote,

       five appointed by the president; members serve five-year terms)

       elections: last held 17 January 2002 (next to be held February 2007)

       election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party -

       APRC 45, PDOIS 2, NRP 1,

      Judicial branch:

       Supreme Court

      Political parties and leaders: Alliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction or APRC - the ruling party [Yahya A. J. J. JAMMEH]; Gambian People's Party-Progressive People's Party-United Democratic Party or GPP-PPP-UDP Coalition [Ousainou DARBOE]; National Convention Party or NCP [Sheriff DIBBA]; National Reconciliation Party or NRP [Hamat N. K. BAH]; People's Democratic Organization for Independence and Socialism or PDOIS [Sidia JATTA] note: in August 2001, an independent electoral commission allowed the reregistration of the GPP, NCP, and PPP, three parties banned since 1996

      Political pressure groups and leaders:

       NA

      International organization participation:

       ACP, AfDB, AU, C, ECOWAS, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM,

       IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU,

       MIGA, NAM, OIC, ONUB, OPCW, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO,

       UNMEE, UNMIL, UNOCI, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO

      Diplomatic representation in the US:

       chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant)

       chancery: Suite 905, 1156 15th Street NW, Washington, DC 20005

       telephone: [1] (202) 785–1379

       FAX: [1] (202) 785–1430

      Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Joseph D. STAFFORD, III embassy: Kairaba Avenue, Fajara, Banjul mailing address: P. M. B. No. 19, Banjul telephone: [220] 392856, 392858, 391971 FAX: [220] 392475

      Flag description:

       three equal horizontal bands of red (top), blue with white edges,

       and green

      Economy Gambia, The

      Economy - overview:

       The Gambia has no significant mineral or natural resource deposits

       and has a limited agricultural base. About 75% of the population

       depends on crops and livestock for its livelihood. Small-scale

       manufacturing activity features the processing of peanuts, fish, and

       hides. Reexport trade normally constitutes a major segment of

       economic activity, but a 1999 government-imposed preshipment

       inspection plan, and instability of the Gambian dalasi (currency)

       have drawn some of the reexport trade away from The Gambia. The

       government's 1998 seizure of the private peanut firm Alimenta

       eliminated the largest purchaser of Gambian groundnuts; the

       following two marketing seasons saw substantially lower prices and

       sales. Despite an announced program to begin privatizing key

       parastatals, no plans have been made public that would indicate that

       the government intends to follow through on its promises.

       Unemployment and underemployment rates remain extremely high;

       short-run economic progress depends on sustained bilateral and

       multilateral aid, on responsible government economic management, on

       continued technical