href="#ulink_b815d1bd-6c1f-503a-a145-38adc4e3f366">References 29 Physicians Can Justifiably Euthanize Certain Severely Impaired Neonates Discussion Conclusions References 30 You Should Not Have Let Your Baby Die 31 After‐Birth Abortion Introduction Abortion and After‐Birth Abortion The Newborn and the Fetus are Morally Equivalent The Fetus and the Newborn are Potential Persons Adoption as an Alternative to After‐Birth Abortion? Conclusions References 32 Does a Human Being Gain the Right to Live after He or She is Born? References 33 Hard Lessons Parents’ Role In Decision‐Making for Children: We Need to Clarify Harm Decisions for Adults Versus Decisions for Children: Allow Adults to Choose Treatment for Themselves even if Suboptimal Experimental Treatment: We Should Have A Lower Threshold For Allowing Access Where Patients Have No Other Options, And Allow Earlier Innovative Treatment The Role of Resources: We Need to Talk about Limited Resources The Role of the Courts: We Need a Fair, Expedient Way of Resolving Disputes Ethical Decisions versus Clinical Decisions: Allow and Support Reasonable Disagreement Medical Tourism: Allow Families to Travel Unless Illegal or Risks Significant Harm Challenging Normative and Conceptual Issues: Need for Further Ethical Analysis Reflective Equilibrium, Reasons and Evidence: Need for Humility and Transparency References
19 Brain Death 34 A Definition of Irreversible Coma Characteristics of Irreversible Coma Other Procedures Comment Summary Reference 35 The Challenge of Brain Death for the Sanctity of Life Ethic I Introduction II The Origins of the New Definition of Death III Death as the Irreversible Loss of Integrated Organic Functioning IV What do the Standard Tests for Brain Death Show? V President George W. Bush’s Council on Bioethics Enters the Debate VI The significance of irreversible unconsciousness VII The Centrality of Ethics VIII Conclusion References 36 The Philosophical Debate I Position One: There Is No Sound Biological Justification for Today’s Neurological Standard II Position Two: There Is a Sound Biological Justification for Today’s Neurological Standard References 37 An Alternative to Brain Death Some Common but Mistaken Assumptions about Death An Alternative Understanding of Death Reference
20 Advance Directives 38 Life Past Reason Autonomy 39 Dworkin on Dementia Advance Directives and Precedent Autonomy Critical and Experiential Interests: Problems with the Model The State’s Interest in Margo’s Life
21 Voluntary Euthanasia and Medically Assisted Suicide 40 The Note Statement 41 When Self‐Determination Runs Amok Self‐Determination Killing and Allowing to Die Calculating the Consequences Euthanasia and Medical Practice 42 When Abstract Moralizing Runs Amok 43 Physician‐Assisted Death and Severe, Treatment‐Resistant Depression Terminology Terminal Illness Defining