held in th...Figure 5.6 Upper esophageal function by high‐resolution manometry. The left ...Figure 5.7 Three‐dimensional pressure profile of the upper esophageal sphinc...Figure 5.8 Muscular architecture of the pharynx and upper esophagus from the...Figure 5.9 Velocity of the peristaltic wave front along the esophagus. The b...Figure 5.10 Esophageal peristalsis: relationship between videofluoroscopic, ...Figure 5.11 Vagus nerve firing patterns with esophageal peristalsis. The fir...Figure 5.12 Difference in the duration of the inhibitory junction potential ...Figure 5.13 Interplay of cholinergic (ACh) and non‐cholinergic (NANC) influe...Figure 5.14 Anatomy of the diaphragmatic hiatus: the right crus encircling t...Figure 5.15 Lower esophageal sphincter (LES) radial muscle thickness and 3D ...Figure 5.16 Reflex arc underlying transient lower esophageal sphincter relax...
6 Chapter 6Figure 6.1 Normal pharynx. (A) Frontal view of the pharynx. The surface of t...Figure 6.2 Folds of the epiglottis in a patient with radiation change. (A) F...Figure 6.3 Relationship of the laryngeal cartilages to the pharynx. (A) Line...Figure 6.4 Relationship of larynx to pharynx in a patient who has aspirated....Figure 6.5 Postcricoid squamous mucosa. Just posterior to the cricoid cartil...Figure 6.6 Representative frames from the pharyngeal phase of swallowing. (A...Figure 6.7 Laryngeal penetration. (A) During drinking, barium enters the lar...Figure 6.8 Asymmetric epiglottic tilt. There is diminished epiglottic tilt o...Figure 6.9 Overflow aspiration. This man had global pharyngeal weakness due ...Figure 6.10 Zenker’s diverticulum. (A) Frontal view of the pharynx demonstra...Figure 6.11 Pharyngeal regurgitation from Zenker’s diverticulum. (A) Frontal...Figure 6.12 Pseudo‐Zenker’s diverticulum. (A) Lateral view of the pharynx du...Figure 6.13 Incomplete opening of the cricopharyngeus. (A) Lateral view of t...Figure 6.14 Extrinsic impressions during passage of bolus through the pharyn...Figure 6.15 Killian–Jamieson diverticula. (A) Frontal view of the pharynx de...Figure 6.16 Synchronous Zenker’s and Killian–Jamieson diverticula. Oblique v...Figure 6.17 Lateral pharyngeal pouches. (A) Line drawing of the pharynx in l...Figure 6.18 Lateral pharyngeal diverticulum. A 0.8 cm barium‐filled sac (arr...Figure 6.19 Branchial pouch sinus. (A) Frontal view of the pharynx shows an ...Figure 6.20 Candida pharyngitis. Innumerable nodules and plaque‐like elevati...Figure 6.21 Scarring from corrosive ingestion. Lateral view of the pharynx s...Figure 6.22 Lymphoid hyperplasia of the palatine tonsils and tongue base. (A...Figure 6.23 Lymphoid hyperplasia of the tongue base. Barium fills the groove...Figure 6.24 Cervical esophageal web. (A) Frontal and (B) lateral views demon...Figure 6.25 Retention cyst in medial left hypopharynx. A smooth‐surfaced hem...Figure 6.26 Polypoid squamous cell carcinoma of the base of the tongue. (A) ...Figure 6.27 Infiltrative squamous cell carcinoma of right aryepiglottic fold...Figure 6.28 Ulcerative squamous cell carcinoma of the epiglottis. (A) Latera...Figure 6.29 Polypoid squamous cell carcinoma of the right piriform sinus. (A...Figure 6.30 Plaque‐like squamous cell carcinoma of the posterolateral pharyn...Figure 6.31 Ulcerated squamous cell carcinoma of the pharyngoesophageal segm...Figure 6.32 Lymphoma of the palatine tonsil. Lateral view of the pharynx aft...Figure 6.33 Lymphoma of the base of the tongue. Lateral view of the pharynx ...Figure 6.34 Diffuse radiation changes. (A) Frontal view of the pharynx shows...Figure 6.35 Normal esophagus and cardia. (A) Double‐contrast view of the eso...Figure 6.36 Reflex esophagitis with granular mucosa. Double‐contrast view sh...Figure 6.37 Reflux esophagitis with ulceration. (A) Double‐contrast view sho...Figure 6.38 Reflux esophagitis with thickened folds. Double‐contrast view sh...Figure 6.39 Reflux esophagitis with inflammatory esophagogastric polyp. Pron...Figure 6.40 Scarring of distal esophagus with fixed transverse folds. Double...Figure 6.41 Peptic stricture. Double‐contrast view shows a smooth, tapered a...Figure 6.42 Feline esophagus. Double‐contrast view shows delicate transverse...Figure 6.43 Barrett’s esophagus with mid‐esophageal stricture. Prone single‐...Figure 6.44 Barrett’s esophagus with reticular pattern. Double‐contrast view...Figure 6.45 Candida esophagitis with plaques. Double‐contrast view shows mul...Figure 6.46 Advanced Candida esophagitis with “shaggy” esophagus. Double‐con...Figure 6.47 Herpes esophagitis. Double‐contrast view shows multiple tiny ulc...Figure